析经济学人，习高分作文/21（总结篇）

做学生就多考分，做成人就多挣钱，这样尊严才可以多一点。

——我离托福考试只剩05天。

周一早上好，新的一周又一开始了，我这周末就考试了，但是现实情况是，我TM口语还有三道题没练习，哦我指的是同一个类型的。我这人就是这么淡定。

但是其实吧，还是计划安排不当，总会对自己当下情况太过乐观估计，开列出不切实际的任务，然后当然就完不成咯。而且许多事情思维没打开，越来越觉得自己是被限制在某种单一维度上了。

但是具体是什么，我也说不出来。

不管怎样，还是要尽力吧，这句话意思是，玩还是要玩的，不然一直坐几个小时不带起来扭动身体的，那就成了学习过度，对身体伤害太大了。

改变一个人是很难的，你从改变自己的难度就可以看得出来。

因此我越来越不说服别人学英语了，毕竟方法资源老师那么多，许多人觉得学不会，只是受限于自己自己的思维困境，不去努力而已。何况我这半瓶子水平，那还有实力教导别人呢？

但是这整个暑假都是很充实的，我只能说还是花钱报考来点压力好一些，每天都在往这个方向努力。

每天提醒自己：我还可以更努力一点。尽管明知一个固定结果，是由其过程中的许多因素决定的。不要把自己努力死了。

另外一个方面，就是不要想着改变自己，而是单纯决定要去做某件事情。因为觉得做这件事情对自己有好处，开心也罢，名利收获也罢，认为做这件事情是正确的，那就去做吧，即使失败了，也可以重来嘛。

人生是一系列选择所决定的，没有一劳永逸的事情，也没有什么事情瞬间改变人生，除非是往更坏的事情发展。

想做就去做吧，别想太多，做不好就多尝试几次，决定这件事不好了，那就不去做好了。

Keep your “self” out of your decisions, because most likely, it’s not about “you.” Simply ask yourself, “Is this a good thing to do?” Yes? Then go do it.

Oh, you failed to do it? Is it still a good thing to do? Yes? Then go do it again. And if, at any point, you realize that it wasn’t as good as you thought, then don’t do it again.

End of story.

下面进入正题。

我把前面二十期的内容，挑选一些自己觉得非常好的句型总结一下，放到下面吧，因为一本经济学人（半月刊）看完了，暂时不会看新的，所以这几天不会再做下去，但是会写其他内容，因为一直在备考啊，有许多笔记就放在这里吧。

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/01〓

The government's muddled apporach tp Brexitties the chancellor's hands.

muddle: vt to put things up into an untidy state or the wrong order

jumble / disarrange / disorder / disorganize / mess / scramble / spoil / tangle

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/02〓

Traffic from China has also waned following the victory of the pro-nationalist party in Taiwan's presidential election, which has soured cross-strait relations.

wane and wax 这两个是反义词。

wane: If a feeling or power wanes, it becomes weaker or less important.

wax: to become bigger or stronger  mainly literary 

句型：sour the relationships 关系恶化

 If a relationship or situation sours, or if something sours it, it stops being successful or satisfactory.

Chances are high that money soured the relationships among friend

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/03〓

Beauties are many, and nothing is more beautiful than finding one in the best time to live  together with for the rest of one's life.

这是我看到写作篇文章里的一个句型，脑袋里就闪出来了这样一个句子。

A are many, and nothing is more Adj. than doing....

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/04〓

Such fickleness gives succour to pessimists and optimists alike. Those who are gloomy about the climate still expect America to ignore or withdraw from the PAris agreement or to abandon the 1992 UN framework that underpins it. Sunnier folk hope that Mr Trump will govern differently from how he campaigned, unabated. 

这是一段绝佳的议论文结构。

一般写作格式讨论某个观点，我会选择这种句式：

Supporters of ... believe that...However, critics of those argue that....

经济学人这里采用的是悲观者和乐观者的说法。

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/05〓

Mr Renzi's constitutional amendment fails to deal with the main problem, which is Italy's unwillingness to reform. And any secondary benefits are outweighed by drawbacks-above all the risk that, in seeking to halt the instability that has given Italy 65 governments since 1945, it creates an elected strongman.

这是两句话，第二句比较长，算是长难句，有两个that，就是两个从句。

加粗的句型可以先记一下， 这是个雪上加霜的写法。

然后分析长难句：

And any secondary benefits are outweighed by drawbacks-above all the risk that, in seeking to halt the instability that has given Italy 65 governments since 1945, it creates an elected strongman.

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/06〓

That might make sense, except for the fact that the struggle to pass laws is not Italy's biggest problem.

这句话是整篇文章的最后一段开头，堪称临走时还补上一刀。

这让我想到了另一个句型：

....... may seem paraxdical at the first glance, but upon further reflection, as soon as ... is concerned, as soon as ... is put into consideration, as soon as ...is taken into account..., it makes sense.

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/07〓

She champions  free trade, while being noncommital about Britain's membership of the world's biggest market.

 

She defends globalisation, while promising to cut migration to Britain by two-thirds.

 

She acknowledges the importance of getting a transitional deal after Brexit, only for her spokesperson to deny that any such deal is a negotiating aim.

champion: publicly support a set of beliefs, political aims, or a group of people

defend: say things that is being criticized

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/08〓

Another shortcoming is the blurred lines between responsibilities.

责任界限模糊原来是这样表达的。

我们的部门特色：

The characteristic of our departments is the blurred lines between responsibilities.

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/09〓

In theory the needs of  Vietnamese are met by  a suite of state-approved professionaly clubs and community groups. In practice many associations muddle along outside this structure.

- - In theory, ... In practice, ...

- - The needs are met by...

其实大部分短语搭配，我们读到的时候，是觉得非常简单的，但是在写作时，很难想起这样的表达。

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/10〓

But these considerationsdo not yet outweighthe fear of acting as a midwife to movements that might threaten its control.

一般会说， advantages outweigh disadvantages

分成两方面的词汇： 

on one hand, on the other hand

on the negative side, on the positive side

on the credit side, on the debit side

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/11〓

Laoshan is a case in point.

举例子的短语有很多：

For example

For instance

Take ... as an example

such as

say

speak of 

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/11〓

A provincial forestry official in south-weatern Yunnan province——the site of many protected areas——privately predicts that infighting will persist and that progress towards a more orderly system will be slow.

infighting: 内讧

读到这句话觉得写得很好，虽然不是非常棒的句型，但是可以使用于集体的话题。

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/12〓

"Like it or not, today we are part of this larger world and must carry out our part," he said in testimony to the Senate armed services committee in 2015. "We cannot wait for problems to arrive here, or it will be too late; rather we must remain strongly engaged inthis complex world."

- - play our role

- - take our responsibility

- - carry our part

整段话说得太漂亮了！哦不，是写得，这么好的句子，简直是作文必备末尾句型，背下来放到武器库里带到考场上吧。

in testimony to:  evidence that something exists or is true

proof, corroboration, demonstration, evidence, indication, manifestation, support, verification

In other words,这是官方打太极必备，看来不是本国必备缓兵之计，所有的政府都有会说好话的技能。

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/13〓

By 1912 cars in New York outnumbered horses, and in 1917 the last horse-drawn streetcar was retired in Manhattan. It marked the moment when oil came of age.

- outnumber

- retire

这两个动词用得非常好，因为特别地道，我们一般不会用，一般人想不起来...

It makred the moment when computers came of age.

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/14〓

Will the industry as a whole deal with climate change by researching and investing in alternatives to fossil fuels, or will it fight with gritted teeth for an oil-based future? 

grit:   spread grit on roads that have ice on them - - - - - determination to succeed, even in very difficult situations

- - fight with gritted teeth for

- - spare no effort for

* * 咬紧牙关做某事

* * 不遗余力做某事

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/15〓

The Permian Basin is oil's latest frontiert, and it is in the throes of a mini-investment boom, despite the deepest downturn in the oil market since the 1990s.

throes: 剧痛 

还有一个短语：

- - on pain of

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/16〓

As concerns about climate have risen, policymakers, regulators and investors have switched from worrying about a potential oil shortage to fretting about a possible glut.

- - concerns rise

- - problems emerge

- - controvercies arise

这三个都非常合适放在开头，加as做从句，后面加when做主句。

- - - switch from worrying about ...... to fretting about ...

 ▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/17〓

But the more thatthe oil companies come to resemble electricity companies, the more their risk profile looks like that of a dull utility.

- - the more ... the more ...

第一个后面可以加that 从句

两个也可以全部加形容词倒装

- - - risk profile looks like

主要是 porofile这个名词用的非常好

我想起了另一个句型：

- - - - Their hard work fits the profile of ...

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/18〓

Since those days oil has brought both boom and bust to Aberdeen, but never before the sense of despondency that grips the city today.

despondency: sadness and unhappiness

 dejection, depression, despair, desperation, gloom, low spirits, melancholy, misery, sadness

boom: a sudden major increase in trade, profits etc in a particular country or region

bust: a company or organization that is bust has lost all its money and can no longer continue to operate

这两个又是同一字母开头的对应名词，意思相反，平仄相对，简直再好不过了。

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/19〓

It's living proof that history never ends, says Juri Luik, a former Estonian foreign and defence minister. "We have to explain who we are all over again."

这是二个好微妙的短语碰到一起了，如此简单，却有难以运用。

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/20〓

Each promises to back businesses and revive the economy by shrinking the state, cutting taxes (and abolishing the wealth tax) and increasing the retirement age.

这几个动词如大珠小珠落玉盘一样清爽，可能是由于前面看的作文里太多不堪入目的词儿了。

主语就一个each，我只想说，学英文还是要像经济学人看齐。

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/21〓

Yet all these pale into insignificance against the biggest issue of all: what sort of deal can Britain extract from its 27 EU partner?

这个句型可以说是很常见了，但这句话是我第一次找到的，因为之前都是直接听别人讲的这个。

A pale/fade into insignificance when set/compared aginst B

在B的对比下，A就黯然失色了。

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/22〓

The tensions between them say more about their roles than about their styles or outlook.

这个句型很实用了，而且有拟人化的意味。

Sth say more about ... than about ...

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/23〓

With immense size comes intense scrutiny.

这样的短语妙在前后对称，韵律优美。

自己真写不出来，但是可以模仿啊。

With great power comes heavy responsibility.

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/24〓

I have always maintained that my primary goal is to entertain, not educate or enlighten. If the latter two objectives happen along the way, that's a bonus.

啊这句话特别好，因为姿态很低。

就像我现在写作，英语句型专栏一方面是为了应对考试，一方面是对读过的东西简单整理，再远一点是有读书就有写作，没人看也要继续呀，因为不能不学习，如果有人看的话并有所收获，那就是额外的bonus了。

entertain, educate, enlighten 这三个动词押头韵，特别好。

▁▂▃▅▆ ▊▷/25〓

Eventually, America raninto trouble too. The tech-stock bubble burst in early 2000, prompting abroader share price slump. Business investment particularly intechnology, sank; and as share prices fell, consumerscut back. By early 2001 America, along with most of the rich world, had slipped intorecession, albeit a mild one.

 

Germany's growth ratehas tumbled to around 1%.

 

But if the world economydoes stumble, storing stability will be harder this time roundbecause policymakers have so little room for maneuver.

如果你认真读完的话，假设还顺手查了生单词，一般这些都是加粗的，那么你最初的一看到“减少”就想起的的"reduce" 是不是吓得不敢出来了？

Investors also focused onwhether OPEC members will agree to cut oil production, and thus liftoil prices (and oil-industry profits), at their forthcoming meeting.

这里的两个动词都很简单，而且更加形象，因为宾语是有形产物，化用的引申义，比reduce 和raise 之类丰富得多。

棒极，凑够了25个。

如有错误，感谢指出。

推荐阅读：人需要一个正确的开始，一点微小的长进

上篇文章：析经济学人，习高分作文/20

祝你好运。