天天用英语：二十八课 - The Framing Effect
Change your thoughts and you change your world.
文章题目
One of the Worst Cognitive Biases of them All
原生链接
http://www.highiqpro.com/willpower-self-control/the-framing-effect-improving-decision-making-skills-with-capacity-strategy-training
全文概要
从两种得与失的困境引出并定义框架效应，在食物、报道、政治方面举例，用第二语言去克服此认知偏差。
中心句段
more likely to take risks with human lives when outcomes are framed as losses rather than gains.
In general, a “framing effect” occurs when factually equivalent descriptions of a decision scenario lead to systematically different decisions depending on how they are phrased.
In our example people react differently to a particular choice depending on whether it is described as a loss or as a gain.
Key Takeaways
认知偏差会给我们的决策能力带来麻烦。哪怕高智商也不能幸免。
框架效应：一个问题，两种在逻辑意义上的相似的说法却导致了不同的决策判断。
认知偏差可以通过训练来消除——扩充工作记忆和学习思维工具。
单词例句
一
One of the most compelling and persistent cognitive biases that plague our decision making competence is the framing effect.
compelling
= force
persistent
fight a persistent cold
He called me again and again, so persistent.
plague
cause constant trouble, illness
competence
=ability
She excels in managing people.
She's competent to managing people.
写进你的简历中添彩！
二
irrational
not thinking clearly, unable to use reason or good judgement
rational
based on facts or reason, not on emotion or feelings
take in
=trick or deceive
常用被动态
He's such a charmer who totally took me in.
用于打情骂俏
还记得之前FG大讲的撩妹句子？
THE MORE I KNOW YOU, THE MORE I LOVE YOU.
(撩妹/哥技巧：压低声音，轻轻耳语....自由发挥.....）
YOU HAVE THE KEY TO MY HEART.
(要点：望着眼睛，轻声细语，深情.......）
how to debiasing
working memory 扩容——
1.专门训练项目
2.下棋
3.不断学习新知——
积累思维工具，学习了解认知偏差
/拓展阅读/：Training Working Memory: Why and how
Make your working memory work for you.
Posted Mar 26, 2012
https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/memory-medic/201203/training-working-memory-why-and-how
Snap out of
snap out of habit
Shopping snaps me out of depression.
Come on, snap out of it!
grow up
Man up!
Bottom up!
You grow up.
个别短语
cognitive bias
cognitive miser
自我反思
前段时间因为外界和自我认知有错，仅仅以为一篇文章只需记记单词、看看短语、浏览一遍文章、听听讲解就过去了，其实不是的，这是很浪费材料的，尽管我也不清楚怎么物尽其用，但会尽量挖掘出来更多内容。
自学的能力和意识，很大一部分是搜索技能和意愿，其次是批判性思维。
你要在自己风险承受之内，去冒最大的险；越大的险，往往意味着更多的回报。